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Typhon / Typhaon / Typhoeus
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Region: Greece
Time Period: 6th - 5th century BC
References in Literature: Homer's Hymn to Apollo, Ovid's Metamorphoses (c 217 AD)
Sources: PJ Criss, Dragon Twilight, Dict, Illiana, Sorrel, Nukapai, The Enchanted World, Python: A Study of Delphic Myth and Its Origins, Dictionary of Literary Themes and Motifs, Vol. 1, and several others
Notes:
- Python and Typhon may be the same.
- Descriptions vary: sometimes he had a hundred heads, feathered or scale-covered body, wings, and size varied. Some say his legs and arms were snakes, others just say scaled. And has excellent sight
- Son of Gaia (Earth) and Tartarus (Underworld)
- Zeus buried it under Mount Aetna in Sicily.
- Some legends start him in the Underworld, some on Mount Aetna.
- Married to Echidna and had Orthos, Cerberus, Lernean Hydra, Chimeara, Theban Sphinx, and Nemean Lion as children
- Killed by Zeus's thunderbolt.
- The name might be a Hellenised version of Python, given by Cilicians
- Syrian Typhon = river god Orontes = Lotan = Set
- Pindar links Typhon with Prophyrion, king of the Gigantes
- A giant?
- Typhon is placed in the Corycian cave starting around the 5th century BC.
- Pan caught Typhon in fishing nets, similar to how Tiamat, Asag and Leviathan were caught.
- "Hesiod ... implies that Ge brought Typhon forth to avenge the Titans." (Source: Python 239.)
- "Nonnos implies that Typhon's victory may be Kronos returning to the Titans." (Source: Python 241.)
- Typhon's legs may have influenced later images of Giants with serpentine legs in 4th century art.
Version 1:
Homer's Hymn to Apollo: Apollo and Typhon fought right after Apollo's birth because Typhon was sent after Leto (Apollo's mother) while she was pregnant.
Version 2:
"After Apollo had killed Typhon on Delos, he sent out at once for Pytho to settle accounts with the dragoness, the devil's evil consort, who had incited him in the first place." (Source: Python, pg 366.)
Related Tales:
Further Reading:
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